Exploring Connections—Environmental Change, Food Security and Violence as Drivers of Migration—A Critical Review of Research
Héctor Morales-Muñoz
Srijna Jha
Michelle Bonatti
Henryk Alff
Sabine Kurtenbach
Stefan Sieber
Abstract
Migration, whether triggered by single events, such as violent conflict, or by long term pressures related to environmental change or food insecurity is altering sustainable development in societies. Although there is a large amount of literature, there is a gap for consolidating frameworks of migration-related to the interaction and correlation between drivers. We review scientific papers and research reports about three categories of drivers: Environmental Change (EC), Food Security (FS), and Violent Conflict (VC). First, we organize the literature to understand the explanations of the three drivers on migration individually, as well as the interactions among each other. Secondly, we analyse the literature produced regarding Colombia, Myanmar, and Tanzania; countries with different combinations of the driving factors for migration. Although we find that many correlations are explained in the literature, migration is mostly driven by structural vulnerabilities and unsustainable development paths in places that have a low resilience capacity to cope with risk. For example, food insecurity, as a product of environmental changes (droughts and floods), is seen as a mediating factor detonating violent conflict and migration in vulnerable populations. The paper contributes to the literature about multi-driven migration, presenting an overview of the way in which different driver combinations trigger migration. This is important for determining the best governance mechanisms and policy responses that tackle forced migration and improve the resilience of vulnerable communities as well as sustainable development.
Morales-Muñoz H., Jha S., Bonatti M., Alff H., Kurtenbach S. and Sieber S. (2020) Exploring Connections—Environmental Change, Food Security and Violence as Drivers of Migration—A Critical Review of Research. Sustainability 12(14): 5702. 10.3390/su12145702
@article{Morales-Muñoz2020,
Title = {Exploring Connections—Environmental Change, Food Security and Violence as Drivers of Migration—A Critical Review of Research},
Author = {Morales-Muñoz, Héctor and Jha, Srijna and Bonatti, Michelle and Alff, Henryk and Kurtenbach, Sabine and Sieber, Stefan},
Editor = {},
Journal = {Sustainability},
Year = {2020},
Pages = {5702},
Volume = {12},
Doi = {10.3390/su12145702},
Abstract = {Migration, whether triggered by single events, such as violent conflict, or by long term pressures related to environmental change or food insecurity is altering sustainable development in societies. Although there is a large amount of literature, there is a gap for consolidating frameworks of migration-related to the interaction and correlation between drivers. We review scientific papers and research reports about three categories of drivers: Environmental Change (EC), Food Security (FS), and Violent Conflict (VC). First, we organize the literature to understand the explanations of the three drivers on migration individually, as well as the interactions among each other. Secondly, we analyse the literature produced regarding Colombia, Myanmar, and Tanzania; countries with different combinations of the driving factors for migration. Although we find that many correlations are explained in the literature, migration is mostly driven by structural vulnerabilities and unsustainable development paths in places that have a low resilience capacity to cope with risk. For example, food insecurity, as a product of environmental changes (droughts and floods), is seen as a mediating factor detonating violent conflict and migration in vulnerable populations. The paper contributes to the literature about multi-driven migration, presenting an overview of the way in which different driver combinations trigger migration. This is important for determining the best governance mechanisms and policy responses that tackle forced migration and improve the resilience of vulnerable communities as well as sustainable development.},
}
TY - JOUR
AU - Morales-Muñoz, Héctor
AU - Jha, Srijna
AU - Bonatti, Michelle
AU - Alff, Henryk
AU - Kurtenbach, Sabine
AU - Sieber, Stefan
TI - Exploring Connections—Environmental Change, Food Security and Violence as Drivers of Migration—A Critical Review of Research
T2 - Sustainability
PY - 2020
SP - 5702
VL - 12
DO - 10.3390/su12145702
AB - Migration, whether triggered by single events, such as violent conflict, or by long term pressures related to environmental change or food insecurity is altering sustainable development in societies. Although there is a large amount of literature, there is a gap for consolidating frameworks of migration-related to the interaction and correlation between drivers. We review scientific papers and research reports about three categories of drivers: Environmental Change (EC), Food Security (FS), and Violent Conflict (VC). First, we organize the literature to understand the explanations of the three drivers on migration individually, as well as the interactions among each other. Secondly, we analyse the literature produced regarding Colombia, Myanmar, and Tanzania; countries with different combinations of the driving factors for migration. Although we find that many correlations are explained in the literature, migration is mostly driven by structural vulnerabilities and unsustainable development paths in places that have a low resilience capacity to cope with risk. For example, food insecurity, as a product of environmental changes (droughts and floods), is seen as a mediating factor detonating violent conflict and migration in vulnerable populations. The paper contributes to the literature about multi-driven migration, presenting an overview of the way in which different driver combinations trigger migration. This is important for determining the best governance mechanisms and policy responses that tackle forced migration and improve the resilience of vulnerable communities as well as sustainable development.
ER -
