Organisms use diverse mechanisms involving multiple complementary enzymes, particularly glycoside hydrolases (GHs), to deconstruct lignocellulose. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) produced by bacteria and fungi facilitate deconstruction as does the Fenton chemistry of brown-rot fungi. Lignin depolymerisation is achieved by white-rot fungi and certain bacteria, using peroxidases and laccases. Meta-omics is now revealing the complexity of prokaryotic degradative activity in lignocellulose-rich environments. Protists from termite guts and some oomycetes produce multiple lignocellulolytic enzymes. Lignocellulose-consuming animals secrete some GHs, but most harbour a diverse enzyme-secreting gut microflora in a mutualism that is particularly complex in termites. Shipworms however, house GH-secreting and LPMO-secreting bacteria separate from the site of digestion and the isopod Limnoria relies on endogenous enzymes alone. The omics revolution is identifying many novel enzymes and paradigms for biomass deconstruction, but more emphasis on function is required, particularly for enzyme cocktails, in which LPMOs may play an important role.
Cragg S.M., Beckham G.T., Bruce N.C., Bugg T.D., Distel D.L., Dupree P., Etxabe A.G., Goodell B.S., Jellison J., McGeehan J.E., McQueen-Mason S.J., Schnorr K., Walton P.H., Watts J.E. and Zimmer M. (2015) Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 29: 108-119. 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.018
@article{Cragg2015,
Title = {Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life},
Author = {Cragg, Simon M and Beckham, Gregg T and Bruce, Neil C and Bugg, Timothy DH and Distel, Daniel L and Dupree, Paul and Etxabe, Amaia Green and Goodell, Barry S and Jellison, Jody and McGeehan, John E and McQueen-Mason, Simon J and Schnorr, Kirk and Walton, Paul H and Watts, Joy EM and Zimmer, Martin},
Editor = {},
Journal = {Current Opinion in Chemical Biology},
Year = {2015},
Pages = {108-119},
Volume = {29},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.018},
Abstract = {Organisms use diverse mechanisms involving multiple complementary enzymes, particularly glycoside hydrolases (GHs), to deconstruct lignocellulose. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) produced by bacteria and fungi facilitate deconstruction as does the Fenton chemistry of brown-rot fungi. Lignin depolymerisation is achieved by white-rot fungi and certain bacteria, using peroxidases and laccases. Meta-omics is now revealing the complexity of prokaryotic degradative activity in lignocellulose-rich environments. Protists from termite guts and some oomycetes produce multiple lignocellulolytic enzymes. Lignocellulose-consuming animals secrete some GHs, but most harbour a diverse enzyme-secreting gut microflora in a mutualism that is particularly complex in termites. Shipworms however, house GH-secreting and LPMO-secreting bacteria separate from the site of digestion and the isopod Limnoria relies on endogenous enzymes alone. The omics revolution is identifying many novel enzymes and paradigms for biomass deconstruction, but more emphasis on function is required, particularly for enzyme cocktails, in which LPMOs may play an important role.},
}
TY - JOUR
AU - Cragg, Simon M
AU - Beckham, Gregg T
AU - Bruce, Neil C
AU - Bugg, Timothy DH
AU - Distel, Daniel L
AU - Dupree, Paul
AU - Etxabe, Amaia Green
AU - Goodell, Barry S
AU - Jellison, Jody
AU - McGeehan, John E
AU - McQueen-Mason, Simon J
AU - Schnorr, Kirk
AU - Walton, Paul H
AU - Watts, Joy EM
AU - Zimmer, Martin
TI - Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life
T2 - Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
PY - 2015
SP - 108-119
VL - 29
DO - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.018
AB - Organisms use diverse mechanisms involving multiple complementary enzymes, particularly glycoside hydrolases (GHs), to deconstruct lignocellulose. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) produced by bacteria and fungi facilitate deconstruction as does the Fenton chemistry of brown-rot fungi. Lignin depolymerisation is achieved by white-rot fungi and certain bacteria, using peroxidases and laccases. Meta-omics is now revealing the complexity of prokaryotic degradative activity in lignocellulose-rich environments. Protists from termite guts and some oomycetes produce multiple lignocellulolytic enzymes. Lignocellulose-consuming animals secrete some GHs, but most harbour a diverse enzyme-secreting gut microflora in a mutualism that is particularly complex in termites. Shipworms however, house GH-secreting and LPMO-secreting bacteria separate from the site of digestion and the isopod Limnoria relies on endogenous enzymes alone. The omics revolution is identifying many novel enzymes and paradigms for biomass deconstruction, but more emphasis on function is required, particularly for enzyme cocktails, in which LPMOs may play an important role.
ER -
